The dualistic thinking of the Enlightenment, so adopted-as-official-dogma by Democrats, & perversely used by Republicans (the two shit-sucking entertainment sports teams of our unitary corporate system) boils down to a couple of things:
As stated by privileged white peeples in the 17th century, reason & emotion are separate, and if people are presented with the FACTS, they will make the right decision (the liberal mantra). The exact opposite is true----emotion and enculturation color EVERYTHING we think, and these values can be instilled with agitprop. Anyone who is after power understands this; in our country the Rethug Reptiles are the prime example, sucking the tit of corporate money & being positively brazen about it. The Dems will say nice things (sort of) to your face and screw you from behind, and call this "compromise".
The Rule Of Law is a falsehood---ANY conclusion can be validated with lawyer-think.
It's only a short leap to the saying "nothing personal, just business". It ain't personal if you're winning and your Uncle Scrooge money room is full, and you have the POWER.
For the folks who lose, generally people of color who sit on natural resources (how did OUR oil get under THEIR sand, anyway???), or who are too weak to fight a massively (and in most cases, U.S. or U.S. armed) financed financial/military/political/religious regime that wants them to labor at slave wages (or NO wages), it's VERY personal.
Keep 'em stupid and breeding. Use 'em up like spent brass in a machine-gun belt. THAT is the philosophy of Capitalism (and all the other power-isms throughout the ages).
Saturday, March 15, 2014
Tuesday, June 11, 2013
Link to Stan Goff's Blog-book, "Capitalism & Christianity"
Here's the link---it's free on Scribd. A must-read for people of conscience of any sort---
http://www.scribd.com/doc/146559985/Capitalism-Christianity?post_id=770127435_10151638709642436#_=_
"Why Capitalism & Christianity? It is with the utmost trepidation that I even begin a treatment of Christianity and capitalism. I have only been studying Christianity for the last six years, but I have been studying capitalism in various ways every since I was sent to Guatemala and El Salvador in the early-mid eighties. More on that in a moment. My disinclination to take it on as a topic for any kind of public discussion is a result of that long period of study, which proved to me that the category is slippery, widely misunderstood, hotly contested, changeable, and wrapped in hundreds of years of ideological mystification."
http://www.scribd.com/doc/146559985/Capitalism-Christianity?post_id=770127435_10151638709642436#_=_
"Why Capitalism & Christianity? It is with the utmost trepidation that I even begin a treatment of Christianity and capitalism. I have only been studying Christianity for the last six years, but I have been studying capitalism in various ways every since I was sent to Guatemala and El Salvador in the early-mid eighties. More on that in a moment. My disinclination to take it on as a topic for any kind of public discussion is a result of that long period of study, which proved to me that the category is slippery, widely misunderstood, hotly contested, changeable, and wrapped in hundreds of years of ideological mystification."
Saturday, January 5, 2013
From 1996----seemed timely now:
Some
Thoughts on Gnosticism
Here
are some excerpts from a book I bought circa 1984 at K-Mart from the
bargain table. They serve to explain some of my feelings about the
"New World Order" without getting lost in the excruciating
tide of disinformation and finger-pointing that seems to be
prevailing in the investigation of this mess.
********************************************************************
The
title of the book is "Night of the Wolf", published in 1983
by Harper and Row, written by an English clergyman by the name of
Christopher Bryan. The book is, on the surface, a short detective
story with a religious/supernatural bent. The story deals with the
death of a defrocked Greek Orthodox priest, an escaped wolf, and an
institution called The Academy For Philosophical Studies. The
detective called in from Scotland Yard to investigate the priest's
death is a thoroughly conventional sort of character who enlists the
aid of an archdeacon friend in trying to unravel the related
religious aspects of the case. It becomes clear that The Academy is
a New World Order-type of organization that is trying to use black
magic, or something like it, to realize its aims---and getting
perilously close to achieving them. Following are some quotes from
the chapter entitled "The Opinions of the Archdeacon",
where he (Michael Aarons) tells the inspector (David Adam) what he
thinks of The Academy and its aims:
"I
believe...that at the core of the academy is a group of men and women
with an approach to life that I should call Gnostic." (I looked
the word "Gnostic" up in the American Heritage
dictionary---the definition is consistent here---Michael) "That
is to say, they seek salvation through knowledge, particularly
knowledge of the supernatural---what they (I think) would call
`spiritual' knowledge. More immediately, they seek power through
such knowledge. Because they know, they will be strong. Because
they understand, they will be able to use, perhaps even to control."
David
was listening intently.
"Don't
misunderstand me. I admit that religion does have to do with
becoming in some senses stronger---at least it has to do with
becoming fuller, more complete, more truly human. But I would say
that even these things are not basically what religion is about.
It's like marriage. A good marriage will make you stronger, too.
Marriage is about trust and hope and forgiveness between people. But
you know that better than I.
"The
same, I believe, is true of religion. True religion is about trust
and hope and forgiveness in our relationship with God. It's about
that kind of seeking for the transcendent that desires a love without
end and a true fatherhood." (motherhood?) "Gnosticism is
false religion, because it does not desire relationship, but mastery.
Not forgiveness, but power. I think it is because those who run the
academy care only for power, that they feel able to treat quite
ruthlessly those who cannot keep the pace they set. They will use
them, and they will cast them aside, as they choose. *The weak have
no value, in their eyes, save as food for the strong."* (my
emphasis)
Aarons
was silent for a moment, then said, "you asked me what I thought
was the academy's purpose. Do I answer your question?"
David
nodded slowly. "Yes, I think you do. But---can people get power
this way? I mean, real power...I mean, power, say, to kill people?"
"I
suppose that will depend on how far they go. If you deal with a
marriage or friendship only for what you can get out of it, you do
get something. Power. Satisfaction. Something of that sort.
Though, of course, in doing that you do not have any real
relationship with your wife or friend. If you try to deal with
religion like that, I don't doubt that you get something, too, and
are in touch with something---though hardly God. There is a long
tradition of rebellious forces in the universe ready to make use of
rebellious men. Yes, you will get something. For a while. In the
end, of course, it is nonsense."
"Nonsense?"
"Oh,
yes, I think so. This quest for power, for control---to use religion
for our own ends---what does it finally mean but that we are trying
to be gods? Little gods! Like the story of Adam: `You shall be as
gods, knowing both good and evil.' And certainly, it is nonsense.
The most ridiculous of all nonsense. There are times, I must admit,
when to live and feel that there is no God anywhere---that is not
unreasonable. But to suppose that I am God! Pfff!" He
shrugged.
"The
tail wagging the dog?"
"As
you say," Aarons agreed with a smile. "The tail wagging the
dog. The irony is," he added, "that I believe in the end
the promise is, in fact, that we shall be as gods---sharers in the
divine nature. But that, like life itself, will be a gift. Not
something we win through our own cleverness."
The
fire had burned low in the grate, and David watched as Aarons stoked
it back to life.
"If
the church feels as strongly as this about things like the Academy,"
he said at last, "why doesn't it speak out about them?"
"You
mean denounce them?" Aarons shook his head. "I don't think
the church is in a very good position to denounce anyone. The joy
and the hope of the church are that she has been given a holy
thing---a promise. But as human beings, aren't we as corruptible as
any? Haven't we tried to use God for our own ends? Haven't we
practiced false religion?"
"It
sounds to me like you're saying you can't say something's wrong,
because you once did it yourself."
Aarons
nodded, conceding his friend's point. "Yes, I see what you mean.
Perhaps we should speak out more boldly. Perhaps you are right.
But if so, then only as fellow penitents. Not denouncing the thing
as if we had no taint of it. That would be terrible..."
There
was another pause. David felt that in some way he had sidetracked
himself. He returned to his main theme.
"At
any rate, you personally regard this thing---this false religion---as
dangerous?"
"I
regard it as diabolic."
"Diabolic?"
"It
takes the best and corrupts it. To use sex or politics as weapons of
control is bad enough, but to use religion! That is the most evil of
all. If it is not our best that we do in God's name, then it will
certainly be our worst."
-------------------------------------
And,
finally, from a later chapter in the book, after the Academy has been
destroyed by fire, and the Chairman of the Academy, escaping and
horribly burned, is skulking through London to another secret and
profane altar to rekindle the evil that was interrupted almost at its
culmination:
"...To
be perfect, his resentment must be wordless, mindless, and directed
everywhere---approaching the Satanic perfection of which Milton
spoke: `that fix'd sence of injur'd merit.'"
Monday, December 17, 2012
Newtown, Clackamas, and on and on...
A couple of "Christmas" pictures someone sent me in a "Wal Mart" post has EXTRA meaning now, in the wake of the Newtown, Connecticut and Clackamas, Oregon shootings...what in king-sized hell kind of a country do we live in??? We truly are doomed....
Thursday, July 19, 2012
I've often thought that jazz music seemed to be immune to the ethic of war---even a New Orleans street funeral "march"---until I happened on a Youtube of a C-130 "Spectre" gun-camera video---set to the music of Dave Brubeck's "Take Five". I had to remember, Take Five notwithstanding, that a large part of the "Great American Songbook" had its origins in WW2.
We in this generation have been disconnected from the practical reality of that, by the "generation gap" cooked up in the post-WW2 era, and the general process of time. Would seem to be a good reason to like and follow BeBop, GypsyBop, (to name a couple) and other forms of jazz that had a more contrarian & less warlike origin.
The system we live in takes the best of what humanity has made and perverts it to the destabilizing ethic of accumulation and subservience----and power.
We in this generation have been disconnected from the practical reality of that, by the "generation gap" cooked up in the post-WW2 era, and the general process of time. Would seem to be a good reason to like and follow BeBop, GypsyBop, (to name a couple) and other forms of jazz that had a more contrarian & less warlike origin.
The system we live in takes the best of what humanity has made and perverts it to the destabilizing ethic of accumulation and subservience----and power.
This item was in the local paper here….there has been a renewed
interest in local history now that a new, interactive museum is getting
built. Perhaps NOW the REAL history of this area will be known. This
is also an example of the mentality of minor league boomtown mobsters,
also known as “good citizens”. The article is ostensibly about the
Wobblies, but it is a widow into the psychology of brute force
greed—localized—and the “good citizens” (sarcasm in context) who
perpetuate it.
If the future of humanity---general, not military-industrial "humanity" rests on localization, then this is what needs to be looked out for.
http://theworldlink.com/news/local/history-citizens-deported-organizers/article_7edea4f0-d10d-11e1-ae59-0019bb2963f4.html
Wesley Everest was born in 1890 at Newberg, Oregon. His grandfather, David Everest, was an original settler and held the original 1850 donation claim there. His father died when he was young, his mother was killed in a buggy wreck when he was fourteen. He lived three years with relatives who owned the Westfall dairy near Portland, then at seventeen went to work in a logging camp where pay was $1.84 per day for 10 hours. That was in 1907, a time when the newly formed Industrial Workers of the World were gathering members in the logging camps along the Columbia River and the railroad lines in Southwestern Washington. He became a member of Portland I.W.W. Local 92.
By the end of 1912 Wesley Everest was working as an organizer for the I.W.W., probably first out of Eugene Local 88 and then from the newly established local at Marshfield. The railroad line from Eugene to Coos Bay was under construction and on December 29, 1912, thirty-five men working for a subcontractor near Gardiner went on strike, aided by I.W.W. organizers. Their grievances seemed just, according to the article in the Coos Bay Harbor January 2, 1913. The headline read, “35 Men Refuse to Work in Deep Mud. Strike for Less Hours and More Pay. Men Report that Copenhagen Bros. Feed Men Poorly, Charge for Hospital, Work in Mud.” The demands were for $3.00 for a nine-hour day, better food and better bunkhouses, and better conditions around the camp. That article in the Coos Bay Harbor was the first and last time that the I.W.W. was given fair coverage in the local press.
The June 26, 1913 Coos Bay Times reported that “Marshfield Deports Three Members of I.W.W. Order. Business Men of That City Form Committee and Escort Leaders of Order to Dock and Ship Them on Bonita to Jarvis Landing.” The men deported were the union secretary, W.J. Edgworth, 23-year-old Wesley Everest, and Fred Roberts, an innocent I.W.W. bystander who voiced protest over the mob action.
The businessmen of Marshfield, like the businessmen of Centralia, Washington, of Butte, Montana, and of Salt Lake City, were contemptuous of due process of law when it came to the I.W.W. Deportation, kidnaping, torture, mutilation, lynching — all were within the scope of what they thought just.
After the boat had dumped the three men off at the sand dunes of Jarvis Landing (on the North Spit), they were made to “salute the flag,” according to the newspaper report, but other sources say that they were made to kiss the flag.
In either case, the event radicalized Wesley Everest, who in 1917 was drafted into the Army and after his discharge went back to organizing for the I.W.W. until his horrible lynching at Centralia in November, 1919 (and immortalized near the end of John Dos Passos’ 1932 novel, “Nineteen Nineteen”).
There were four names on the presidential ballot for the 1912 election. In Coos County, Democrat Woodrow Wilson came in first with 30.8 percent of the vote. Socialist Eugene V. Debs came in second with 22.7 percent. The Socialist and Progressive parties together garnered a full 53 percent of the total.
The “businessmen” of Marshfield and of Bandon, like others of their class in other towns throughout the West, took the law into their own hands to stifle or eliminate the opposition.
In Bandon, for example, publisher of the Socialist paper Justice was Dr. Bailey K. Leach, a chiropractor. He wrote what Jesse Allen Luse, editor of the Marshfield Sun, called a “caustic” piece concerning the expulsion of the three I.W.W. men from Marshfield. A meeting of the Bandon Commercial Club protested what other newspapers called Dr. Leach’s “vile” attacks on the citizens of Marshfield. He was also accused of insulting the American flag and being an I.W.W. He was hauled before the meeting by a committee of 10 men who escorted him from his home. He “denied insulting the flag, and said that he was not an I.W.W. He said the people did not understand the humor if it.” He was told, “The humor of it is that you will have to leave here before 2 o’clock tomorrow.” The next day he was escorted onto the riverboat Dora to Coquille, and by auto from there to Marshfield, where he was unceremoniously placed aboard the Alice H. and deposited on the North Spit for a long walk north. There was apparently no official action or investigation into the mob rule, and of the fact that Dr. Leach was essentially kidnapped and forced to leave his professional practice and his home with no protection from the law. And Dr. Leach was not even a member of the I.W.W. He was merely trying to call attention to the violation of the legal and civil rights of the I.W.W.s who were “deported.”
Lionel Youst’s book, “Progressive Thoughts: Essays and Reviews” was published recently. In a series of essays, Youst reflects on liberal thought as expressed over several centuries, from 16th-century essayist Michel de Montaigne to 21st-century president Barack Obama. The chapters were originally published as essays in The Advocate, Coos County’s monthly progressive journal. Retired from a career in the U.S. Air Force, Youst is the author of six other books of local and regional history. Selections of his works are available online at www.youst.com.
If the future of humanity---general, not military-industrial "humanity" rests on localization, then this is what needs to be looked out for.
http://theworldlink.com/news/local/history-citizens-deported-organizers/article_7edea4f0-d10d-11e1-ae59-0019bb2963f4.html
History: Citizens ‘deported’ organizers
Wobbly organizer and decorated WWI veteran Wesley Everest took a place in labor history in 1919, when he was taken from jail and lynched after a battle between labor organizers and marchers in an Armistice Day parade in Centralia, Wash. Six years earlier, he made history in a smaller way in Marshfield.Wesley Everest was born in 1890 at Newberg, Oregon. His grandfather, David Everest, was an original settler and held the original 1850 donation claim there. His father died when he was young, his mother was killed in a buggy wreck when he was fourteen. He lived three years with relatives who owned the Westfall dairy near Portland, then at seventeen went to work in a logging camp where pay was $1.84 per day for 10 hours. That was in 1907, a time when the newly formed Industrial Workers of the World were gathering members in the logging camps along the Columbia River and the railroad lines in Southwestern Washington. He became a member of Portland I.W.W. Local 92.
By the end of 1912 Wesley Everest was working as an organizer for the I.W.W., probably first out of Eugene Local 88 and then from the newly established local at Marshfield. The railroad line from Eugene to Coos Bay was under construction and on December 29, 1912, thirty-five men working for a subcontractor near Gardiner went on strike, aided by I.W.W. organizers. Their grievances seemed just, according to the article in the Coos Bay Harbor January 2, 1913. The headline read, “35 Men Refuse to Work in Deep Mud. Strike for Less Hours and More Pay. Men Report that Copenhagen Bros. Feed Men Poorly, Charge for Hospital, Work in Mud.” The demands were for $3.00 for a nine-hour day, better food and better bunkhouses, and better conditions around the camp. That article in the Coos Bay Harbor was the first and last time that the I.W.W. was given fair coverage in the local press.
The June 26, 1913 Coos Bay Times reported that “Marshfield Deports Three Members of I.W.W. Order. Business Men of That City Form Committee and Escort Leaders of Order to Dock and Ship Them on Bonita to Jarvis Landing.” The men deported were the union secretary, W.J. Edgworth, 23-year-old Wesley Everest, and Fred Roberts, an innocent I.W.W. bystander who voiced protest over the mob action.
The businessmen of Marshfield, like the businessmen of Centralia, Washington, of Butte, Montana, and of Salt Lake City, were contemptuous of due process of law when it came to the I.W.W. Deportation, kidnaping, torture, mutilation, lynching — all were within the scope of what they thought just.
After the boat had dumped the three men off at the sand dunes of Jarvis Landing (on the North Spit), they were made to “salute the flag,” according to the newspaper report, but other sources say that they were made to kiss the flag.
In either case, the event radicalized Wesley Everest, who in 1917 was drafted into the Army and after his discharge went back to organizing for the I.W.W. until his horrible lynching at Centralia in November, 1919 (and immortalized near the end of John Dos Passos’ 1932 novel, “Nineteen Nineteen”).
There were four names on the presidential ballot for the 1912 election. In Coos County, Democrat Woodrow Wilson came in first with 30.8 percent of the vote. Socialist Eugene V. Debs came in second with 22.7 percent. The Socialist and Progressive parties together garnered a full 53 percent of the total.
The “businessmen” of Marshfield and of Bandon, like others of their class in other towns throughout the West, took the law into their own hands to stifle or eliminate the opposition.
In Bandon, for example, publisher of the Socialist paper Justice was Dr. Bailey K. Leach, a chiropractor. He wrote what Jesse Allen Luse, editor of the Marshfield Sun, called a “caustic” piece concerning the expulsion of the three I.W.W. men from Marshfield. A meeting of the Bandon Commercial Club protested what other newspapers called Dr. Leach’s “vile” attacks on the citizens of Marshfield. He was also accused of insulting the American flag and being an I.W.W. He was hauled before the meeting by a committee of 10 men who escorted him from his home. He “denied insulting the flag, and said that he was not an I.W.W. He said the people did not understand the humor if it.” He was told, “The humor of it is that you will have to leave here before 2 o’clock tomorrow.” The next day he was escorted onto the riverboat Dora to Coquille, and by auto from there to Marshfield, where he was unceremoniously placed aboard the Alice H. and deposited on the North Spit for a long walk north. There was apparently no official action or investigation into the mob rule, and of the fact that Dr. Leach was essentially kidnapped and forced to leave his professional practice and his home with no protection from the law. And Dr. Leach was not even a member of the I.W.W. He was merely trying to call attention to the violation of the legal and civil rights of the I.W.W.s who were “deported.”
Lionel Youst’s book, “Progressive Thoughts: Essays and Reviews” was published recently. In a series of essays, Youst reflects on liberal thought as expressed over several centuries, from 16th-century essayist Michel de Montaigne to 21st-century president Barack Obama. The chapters were originally published as essays in The Advocate, Coos County’s monthly progressive journal. Retired from a career in the U.S. Air Force, Youst is the author of six other books of local and regional history. Selections of his works are available online at www.youst.com.
Thursday, May 17, 2012
35 Years Left? And, The Cornocopia Scam (1995)
Subject:
35 YEARS LEFT?
Organization: Eugene Free community
Network/Oregon Public Networking
Date: Mon, 2 Jan 1995 15:42:08
GMT
Lines: 72
HOW CLOSE TO PRACTICAL LIMITS?
"There is accumulating evidence that
humanity my soon have to
confront the real carrying capacity
constraints. For example, nearly
40% of terrestrial net primary
productivity (photosynthesis) is
already being used
("appropriated") by humans, one species among
millions, and this fraction is steadily
increasing (Vitousek et al.
1986).
If we take this percentage as an index of the human carrying
capacity of the earth and assume that a
growing economy could come to
appropriate 80% of photosynthetic
production before destroying the
functional integrity of the ecosphere,
the earth will effectively go
from half to completely full within the
next doubling period --
currently about 35 years (Daly 1991).
"The significance of this
unprecedented convergence of economic scale
with that of the ecosphere is not
generally appreciated in the
current debate on sustainable
development. Because the human impact
on critical functions of the ecosphere is
not uniform "effective
fullness" may actually occur may
actually occur well before the next
doubling of human activity. (Liebig's law reminds us that is takes
only a single critical limiting factor to
constrain the entire
system.)
Indeed, data presented in this chapter suggests that
long-term human carrying capacity may already
have been at less than
the present 40% preemption of
photosynthesis. If so, even current
consumption (throughput) cannot be
sustained indefinitely, and
further material growth can be purchased
only with accelerated
depletion of remaining natural capital
stocks.
"This conundrum can be illustrated
another way by extrapolation from
our ecological footprint data. If the entire world population of 5.6
billion were to use productive land at
the rate of our
Vancouver/Lower Fraser Valley example,
the total requirement would be
28.5 billion ha. In fact, the total land area of Earth is only
just
over 13 billion ha, of which only 8.8
billion ha is productive
cropland, pasture, or forest. The immediate implications are
two-fold:
first, as already stressed, the citizens of wealthy
industrial countries unconsciously
appropriate far more than their
share of global carrying capacity; second, we would require an
additional "two Earths,"
assuming present technology and efficiency
levels, to provide for the present world
population at Canadian's
ecological standard of living. In short, there may simply not be
enough natural capital around to satisfy
current development
assumptions. The difference between the anticipated ecological
footprint of the human enterprise and the
available land/natural
capital base is a measure
"sustainability gap" confronting
humankind." [p. 383]
A CAUTIONARY NOTE
"We admittedly make no allowance for
potentially large efficiency
gains or technological advances. Even at carrying capacity, further
economic growth is possible (but not
necessarily desirable) if
resource consumption and waste production
continue to decline per
unit GDP (Jacobs 1991). We should not, however, rely exclusively on
this conventional rationale. New technologies require decades to
achieve the market penetration needed to
significantly influence
negative ecological trends. Moreover,there is no assurance that
savings will not simply be directed into
alternative forms of
consumption. Efficiency improvements may actually increase
rather
than decrease resource consumption
(Saunders 1992). We are already
the limit in a world of rising material
expectations in which the
human population is increasing by 94
million people per year. The
minimal food-land requirements alone each
year for this number of new
people is 18,800,000 ha (at 5 people/ha,
the current average
productivity of world agriculture) -- the
equivalent of all cropland
in France." [p. 386]
INVESTING IN NATURAL CAPITAL - 1994 - Island Press
Free catalog: 1-800-828-1302 or 1-707-983-6432 Fax
1-707-983-6164
LIMITS TO GROWTH: THE CORNUCOPIA SCAM
NOTE: The following selections are from an
article by Sandy Irvine
entitled "The Cornucopia Scam:
Contradictions of Sustainable
Development, Part 2: Misconceptions About
Fundamental Causes."
(Wild Earth, Winter 1994/95, pp. 72-82. All
emphasis in
original.)
The Cornucopia Scam
by Sandy Irvine
POPULATION (p. 72)
"Every year, human numbers increase
globally by some 95 million.
Even in India's frequently praised state of Kerala where there has
been genuine social progress and the growth
rate of the state's
population has been cut to 1.7%, the
population will still double
on that basis in just 47 years. Contrary to
popular perception
about the leveling off of population growth
in rich countries, on
present trends America's population will double to around 520
million in only 63 years.
"Yet there is generally a deafening
silence on the issue of
population growth and bitter criticism of
those few who do raise
the issue.
None of the major environmental lobbies, for example,
has produced any substantial literature or
policy on the matter.
"Population growth exacerbates every
environment and most social
problems.
Kenya's population increases by over 1600 people every
day, thereby intensifying pressure on the
land, eating up space
for surviving wildlife, overwhelming employment
and other social
opportunities. Population growth also makes
solutions more
difficult to achieve. Take, for example, the transition to
sustainable energy systems. It has been estimated that the Swiss
population would have to drop to one-sixth of
its present level
for the country to base itself on its own
renewable energy
resources and maintain its present living
standards."
FOOD PRODUCTION (p. 74)
"In terms of food production, ALL
forms of farming have adverse
impacts.
For example, the extension of arable production must be
at the expense of woodland and wetlands,
while its intensification
must lead to a deteriorating quantity and
quality of soil systems,
even if we can avoid the problems
associated with synthesized
fertilizers and biocides. According to Mike Jacobs, author of The
Green Economy, organic farming actually
improves the environment;
but the noted Japanese farmer Masanobu
Fukuoka has shown that it
still depends upon external inputs and does
not close the cycle of
nutrients.
More paddy cultivation will increase methane build-up
in the atmosphere. Increased food
production via irrigation will
worsen the already serious problems of
salinization and water
logging."
POLLUTION (p. 75)
"The potential of pollution control
technology is also
exaggerated. It only shifts pollutants from one form,
place, or
time to another. The only way to reduce the more serious
pollutants is to generate less of them in
the first place. Many
pollutants are too dissipated to catch and
contain -- for example,
carbon dioxide, fertilizer run-off, and
methane from cattle and
paddy cultivation. In the case of pollutants amenable to capture
and treatment, there is still the cost of
making and using the
necessary gadgetry. The cost of installing full-scale tertiary
treatment of the existing `throughput' of
sewage is likely to be
astronomical.
"Already, great damage is being done
producing the raw material
for pollution abatement techniques, not
least limestone mining and
the production of lime for desulfurization. Similarly, the
manufacture of equipment like catalytic
converters causes resource
depletion and more pollution. At the end of the pipe, there are
still waste residues, often highly toxic.
"Perhaps recycling is the most popular
technological fix. People
get enthusiastic about recycled paper, as
if paper fibre no longer
wore out and trees no longer will have to
be cut down.
Technological euphoria is driving out more
sober thought based on
physical actualities. Entropy dictates that
material usage must
lead to some material dissipation. The phosphate put into washing
powders and the zinc used in manufactured
items end up in a myriad
of locations, for example.
"Of course, much can be recycled. It is scandalous that globally
some 66% of all aluminum and 75% of iron
and paper is simply
dumped on the environment after use. Yet, we must not ignore the
serious pollution around some recycling
plants. Recycling does
not challenge the processes by which human
society creates rising
piles of waste. Indeed, to some extent, it
legitimizes
profligacy."
OVERDEVELOPMENT (p. 77)
"Today's problems, in short, are
symptoms of not only
MALdevelopment in specific areas but also
of general
OVERdevelopment. The problem is growth per se, not just
misdirected growth. Humanity has reached the point where further
attempts to extend and intensify human
production systems, no
matter how well regulated or
technologically sophisticated, must
undermine
the long-term capacity of environment systems to
sustain life.
"At present, it takes about two
hectares to cater for the typical
diet in a rich country. To furnish this pattern of consumption
for the six billion who soon will be alive
would require 12
billion hectares -- roughly eight times the
amount of available
cropland, most of which is showing signs of
serious stress.
Popular criticism of European Union `food
mountains' and `wine
lakes' misses the key point: they are only
temporary surpluses
since the production system is eroding its
own resource base.
"Of course, food is only one human
need and many other
environmental conditions and resources are
required for
sustainable living. The state of the Earth's tree cover is
probably the most critical indicator.
Before the birth of
agriculture, forests clothed over six
billion hectares. Since
then, the Earth has been scalped of
two-thirds of its original
forest, half the loss occurring between
1950 and 1990. China was
once 75% forested; now most has been
destroyed, with 20 million
hectares deforested in the 30 years after
the Communist revolution
in 1949.
In just 100 years, Ethiopia's forest have declined from
40% to only 3% of the land."
AIR POLLUTION (p. 78)
"Air pollution is killing forests and
lakes around the world.
Across 15 European countries, 27,000 square
miles are showing
signs of `forest death.' In southern Norway, all lakes in a
13,000 square kilometer area are devoid of
fish. Chongging in
China is perhaps the acid rain capital of the world, the rain
there sometimes being so acidic it can
dissolve steel.
"Human activity is adding chemicals to
the environment whose
systems have not been `equipped' by
evolution to absorb their
impact.
Some 2.5 million tons of synthetic pesticides, for
example, are sprayed annually, mainly in
the rich countries,
though `Third World' use is
rising dramatically. In the USA, such
chemicals area partly responsible for some
20% of the list of
endangered species.
"Another symptom of overdevelopment is
the covering over of land
with roads, buildings, and other
infrastructure. It sterilizes
the environment buried beneath whilst
creating problems like
excessive water run-off. In the USA, some 526,000 hectares of
countryside, mainly good farmland, is paved
over every year."
THE POOR ALSO POLLUTE (p. 79)
"...It is indeed true that a small percentage
of the world's
population consumes a grossly
disproportionate share of the
world's resources; but this fact is being
used in ways that
distort the whole picture. Politicians from
the `Third World', for
example, angrily attack plans to conserve `their'
forests on the
grounds that they should not sacrifice the
sovereign right to
exploit such resources simply to supply
carbon sinks so that
western consumers can continue to drive
their carbon-emitting
cars.
Yet the political and business elites in the Third World
live life-styles little different from
those they denounce. They
surround themselves with massive military
forces, while
irresponsibly promising affluence to every
household in their
countries.
"Many of these leaders have followed
the path of the already
industrialized countries, with the
construction of brand new
capital cities, big airports, nuclear power
plants and the other
symbols of `modernization.' From the introduction of
Canadian-style wheat farming in Tanzania to Indonesia's
transmigration programme, there are plenty
of examples of
ecologically disastrous projects backed by Third World
governments, often with considerable
popular support. The
destruction of local wildlife is perhaps
even more
enthusiastically supported. In Thailand, for example, tigers are
threatened with extinction simply so that
East Asian consumers can
enjoy the delights of tiger penis soup.
"More generally, the environmental
impact of the world's poor,
compared to that of the rich, tends to be
underestimated in the
sustainable development literature. A lot of the destruction in
the `Third World' takes place
outside the formal economy as with
tree felling for fuel and new farm
land. Such activities tend not
to be as accurately recorded as, say,
petrol and electricity
consumption in the industrialized parts of
the world. More
important, however, is that even a small
increase in per capita
consumption -- especially with fossil fuels
-- in a populous
country like China will have a disproportionately large impact,
given the size of its population. The sustainable development
lobby seldom faces the brutal truth that
the `developing'
countries will never be developed in any
conventional meaning of
the word if global sustainability is to be
attained. ...
"This `think shrink' orientation is
not an attempt to `pull up the
ladder' so that the poor cannot join the
rich. In fact,
abandonment of the goal of global affluence
offers the best hope
for those being crushed under the wheels of
industrial expansion.
Across the `Third World,' outside
the citadels of western-style
luxury, the people with secure food
supplies, clean water, and
social stability tend to be those living in
regions not yet
harnessed to the treadmill of
development. Indeed, many
`backward' societies offer sophisticated
and practicable models of
sustainable living."
LORDS OF CREATION? (p. 81)
"Supporters of sustainable development
show a collective
reluctance to explore the deep implications
of what might be
called a Sustainable Earth Society whose
members include more than
the human race. Many reject, for example, concepts like
carrying
capacity (it implies limits on human
numbers), or values like the
inalienable right of other species to
flourish (it implies limits
on human activities). Ecological systems are still treated as
just one issue amongst many, not the
preconditions for the lasting
satisfaction of all other goals."
CONCLUSION (p. 82)
"So far, most supporters of
sustainable development have not made
the transition to an Earth-centered value
system. There is no
deep sense of caution and modesty about the
power of human
intellect and technological prowess. There
is no recognition of
the intrinsic rights of other species nor
of the wisdom contained
in the millennia of evolution."
***
BIO: Sandy Irvine is the Environmental
Curriculum Development
Officer at the University of Northumbria. He is the co-author of
A Green Manifesto (London: Optima, 1988)
and subsequently wrote
Beyond Green Consumerism (London: Friends
of the Earth, 1989) He
co-edits a quarterly ecological and
political magazine, Real
World, and is an associate editor of The
Ecologist.
SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION:
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